3D Engine
3D Engines are software that enable real-time generation of 3-dimensional graphics (in contrast to pre-rendered animation that appears in movies). Real-time 3D makes it possible to interact with a game, virtual world or other graphically immersive application.
This software is an important subset of the spatial computing domain; it maps the geometric representation of objects in 3D space into the methods used by a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) to deliver the visual output that can be displayed on screens.
3D engines are one of the fundamental elements of the GameTech stack.
The leading vendors of 3D Engine technology include Unity and Epic Games (Unreal Engine).
Further Reading
How Games Engines Work! by TheHappieCat (basic level of introduction)
The Physics of Light and Rendering, John Carmack, for those looking for an advanced intro to graphics and light